Churn.



No. 642,650. Patented Feb. 6', I900.

G. W. WALKER & J. C. PHELPS.

CHUBN.

. (A plication filed June 15, 1809. (No Model.)

abhor/neg s 1n: Nannls ravens ca, PNQYD-LI'IHO.. WASHINGTON a c UNITEDSTATES PATENT omen.

GEORGE W. \VALKER AND JOHN C. PHELPS, OF FRIENDSVILLE, TENNESSEE.

CHURN.

.SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters i atent No. 642,650, datedFebruary 6, 1900.

Application filed June 15, 1899.

To 00% whom i1; may, concern:

, Be it known that we, GEORGE W.WALKER and JOHN C. PHELPS, citizens ofthe United States, and residents of Friendsville, in the county ofBlount and State of Tennessee, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Ohurns, of which the following is a specification.

The primary object of our invention is toprovide a churn in whichpeculiar operating mechanism is employed'to impart a reversible rotarymotion to the dashers for the purpose of causing said dashers to morequickly and thoroughly agitate the cream or milk and greatly facilitatethe formation of the butter globules,certain devices cooperating toaerate the cream or milk during the process of churning and prevent itfrom splashing through the air-inlet openings, the latter also providingfor the admission of water in tempering the cream or milk.

The invention consists, therefore, in the combination, with the dashersand shaft supporting the same, of two pinions mounted on the shaft and apartial gear-wheel the teeth of which mesh with the aforesaid pinionsalternately to impart a reversible rotary motion to the shaft anddashers, together with a conical deflectorand aerator depending from thecover of the churn, and a float carried by the dasher-blades or paddles.

The invention further consists in certain details of construction whichadd to the simplicity and efficiency of our improved churn.

The following specification enters into a detail description of ourinvention, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and toletters thereon which indicate the different parts, and what weparticularly claim as new, and desire to protect by Letters Pat ent, isspecifically set forth in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings,which form a part of this specification,Figure l is a perspective View of a churn constructed in accordance withour invention, the barrel or body of the churn beingin section. Fig. 2is a vertical sectional View.

Referring to said drawings, A designates the barrel or body of thechurn, upon which is fitted a suitable cover A, the said cover beingpreferably provided with a depending Serial No. 720,698. (No model.)

marginal flange a, while the upper end of the barrel is rabbeted at itsinner side to receive said flange. Upon this cover is mounted asupporting-frame for the operating mechanism, comprising the verticalstandards B B, connected at their upper ends by a cross-piece B. In thecenter of the cover isan opening through which the dasher rod or shaft 0passes, and surrounding said opening is a casting D, having a shoulder61 and upwardlyprojecting sleeve (1', forming a bearing for a pinion orbevel-wheelE. This pinion, though serving to turn the dasher-rod, is notattached directly thereto, but is connected to a second pinionorbevel-wheelEby means of rods e,said pinion E being secured to thelower end of a sleeve or tube F; which passes upward through an openingin the cross-piece of the supporting-frame. The dasher-rod passesthrough the casting D and sleeve F, receiving its motion from thelatter, to which it is adjustably attached by means of 'a set-screw f. Avertical movement of the connected pinions is prevented by the upperpinion bearing against the under side of the cross-piece B, while thelower pinion bears upon the shoulder 01 of the casting D. Meshing withthese pinions or bevel-wheels is a large gear-wheel G, having teethwhich extend around only about half of the circumference of the wheel,so that they will turn the pinions alternately, and as said pinions arelocated at the top and bottom of said partial gear-wheel they will beturned in opposite directions. The partial gear-wheel G is keyed to theinner end of a shaft H, passed through a suitable bearing in one of thestandards B of the supporting-frame, and to the outer end of said shaftis attached a crank-handle I to provide for turning the same. The arm ofthis crank-handle is preferably in two sections connected by setscrews,by which the said arm is adjustable to increase and decrease theleverage.

The dasher-rod depends into the barrel or churn-body, and the lowerportion of the same is preferably squared, as shown, or flattened onthree sides, to provide for attaching thereto radial arms I, to theouter ends of which are secured vertical paddles or dasher-blades L,having at their upper ends reduced extensions l, projecting above theupper set of radial arms and serving as guides for an anto receive theextensions Z and be guided or retained in place thereby.

Tothe under side of the barrel-cover is attached a conical deflector N,the opening at the lower end of the same being of little less diameterthan the opening through the float M. This deflector is for the purposeof preventin g the cream or milk from splashing out of openings 0 in thecover and also serves the purpose of permitting air to pass into thecream or milk during the process of churning. The openings 0 arepreferably at an angle corresponding with the side of the deflector, andthey are covered by gauze or finewire netting to exclude foreignsubstances. In tempering the cream or milk water may be poured throughthese openings.

It is well known that the butter-producing particles of milk are at theupper part of the body of milk, and therefore in adjusting the parts ofthe churn herein shown and described the dasher-rod is raised or loweredto bring the dashers in the upper part of the milk and in the cream,which is accomplished by first looosening the set-screw f, and after thedesired adjustment is made the said setscrew is tightened to connect thedasher-rod to the sleeve F, the said sleeve forming the connectionbetween the pinions and dasherrod, as hereinbefore described. When theparts have been adjusted and the cover is fitted upon the barrel, theoperation of the crank-handle will turn the partial gear-wheel G, theteeth of which meshing alternately with the pinions E and IE will impartreversible rotary motions to the dasher-rod, and the backward andforward movements of the dashers will cause a thorough agitation of thecream or milk and quickly separate the butter-globules. The peculiaragitation of the milk by the motions of the dashers will also draw airdown into the churn through the openings and deflector, the latter alsoserving to prevent the milk from splashing out through said openings,while the float is permitted to rise and fall with the swelling of thebody of the milk during churning.

The particular manner of agitating the milk and aerating the same willseparate the butter globules and mass them much quicker and moreeffectively than any of the churns I in common use.

them in opposite directions, substantially as shown and described.

2. In a churn, the combination with the dashers and rod carrying thesame, of pinions connected to each other by rods, means for adj ustablyconnecting the dasher-rod to one of said pinions, a supporting-frame forthe driving mechanism having an upper cross piece preventing verticalmovement of the pinions, an operating-shaft supported inthe frame, and apartial gear-wheel attached to said shaft and adapted to mesh with theaforesaid pinions alternately and turn them in op posite directions,substantially as shown and described.

3. In a churn, the combination with the dashers and rod carrying thesame, of a supporting-frame for the driving mechanism provided with anupper cross-piece, a pinion mounted on the dasher rod and having asleeve passing through the aforesaid crosspiece, a set-screw carried bythe sleeve and adapted to engage the dasher-rod, a pinion mounted upon asocket or casting on the cover of the churn, and rods connecting thepinions to each other; together with a partial gearwheel adapted to meshwith the pinions alternately to turn them in opposite directions, saidgear-wheel being attached to a drivingshaft supported by the frame,substantially as shown and for the purpose set forth.

4. In a churn, the combination with the dashers and means for operatingthe same, of a float movably mounted upon the dashers, and a conicaldeflector depending from the cover of the churn, said cover havingopenings entering the deflector, substantially as shown and for thepurpose set forth.

5. In a churn, the combination with the dasher-rod, of the verticaldashers connected to said rod and provided with extended upper ends, anda float having notches which receive the aforesaid extensions; togetherwith a conical deflector depending from the cover of the churn, saidcover having openings entering the deflector, substantially as shown andfor the purpose set forth.

6. In a churn, the combination, of the pinions connected to each other,a partial gearwheel adapted to mesh with said pinions alternately, adasher-rod adjustably connected to one of the pinions, dashers attachedto the rod and having upper extensions, and a float mounted on thedashers and provided with notches receiving said extensions; togetherwith a conical deflector depending from the cover of the churn, saidcover having openings entering the deflector, substantially as shown andfor the purpose set forth.

G. W. WALKER. JOHN C. PHELPS. \Vitnesses:

N. O. WALKER,

- R. A. PHELPS.-

